Likewise, each farmer can choose what crops and breeds to sow and grow based on the … A. Cardenas, S. Amin, and S. S. Sastry, ‘’ Secure control: Towards survivable cyber-physical systems’’, 28th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pp.

City-wide Resilience is a characteristic that must be nurtured, developed, sustained, and enhanced through careful, consistent, long term management on a city-wide basis.

As we shall see in the second post in this series, each of these adverse events and conditions is associated with one of the following subordinate quality characteristics: robustness, safety, cybersecurity (including Figure 2 shows a notional timeline of how an adverse event might be managed by the ordered application of resilience controls to return a system to normal operations.To understand the full scope and complexity of system resilience, it is important to understand the meanings of the key words italicized in the preceding definition and how they are related in the preceding figure.Note that anti-tamper (AT) is a special case that, at first glance, might appear to be unrelated to resilience. Because resilience assumes that adverse events and conditions will occur, controls that prevent adversities are outside of the scope of resilience.Some resilience controls support detection, while other controls support response or recovery. That means it must be capable of rapid coupling and decoupling while maintaining a degree of system coherence. "However, system resilience is more complex than the preceding explanation implies. For a power system, this manifold is based upon the real and reactive power assets, the controllable having the latitude to maneuver, and the impact of disturbances over time. Rieger, B.K. Several common terms are represented on this graphic, including robustness, agility, adaptive capacity, adaptive insufficiency, resiliency and brittleness.

The Characteristics of Resilience building processes A resilient system has the capacity to respond positively to change, maintaining or improving function; this includes monitoring, anticipating and managing known risks and vulnerabilities to existing shocks and stresses whilst being able to address uncertainties in the future. D. J. McArthur et al., “Multi-Agent Systems for Power Engineering Applications—Part I: Concepts, Approaches, and Technical Challenges,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, pp. However, tampering can also be attempted remotely (i.e., without first acquiring possession of the system). Evaluating the control, cyber and cognitive disturbances, especially if considered from a disciplinary standpoint, leads to measures that already had been established. A Sense of Control To exhibit resilience, a system must incorporate controls that detect adverse events and conditions, respond appropriately to these disturbances, and rapidly recover afterward. This type of system can become very brittle, insofar as any unrecognized degradation in the sensor itself can lead to incorrect responses by the control algorithm and potentially a worsened condition relative to the desired operation for the industrial facility. In general, the idea is to base the metric on “what is expected” and not necessarily the actual initiator to the degradation.

Dynamic re-organisation is greatly facilitated by modularity (or finely grained objects to reference my three heuristics of complex adaptive systems). Conversely, system C might be the most resilient in terms of recovering from a specific type of harm caused by certain adverse events.It is important to understand the scope of what it means for a system to resist adversity:The preceding points lead to a more detailed and nuanced definition of system resilience:Implicit in the preceding definition is the idea that adverse events and conditions will occur. As part of work on the development of resilience requirements for cyber-physical systems, I recently completed a literature study of existing standards and other documents related to resilience. Time, both in terms of delay of mission and communications latency, and data, in terms of corruption or modification, are normalizing factors. Anti-tamper experts typically assume that an adversary will obtain physical possession of the system containing the CPI to be reverse engineered in which case, ensuring that the system continues to function despite tampering would be irrelevant. G. Rieger, "Resilient control systems Practical metrics basis for defining mission impact," 7th International Symposium on Resilient Control Systems, August 2014T. For example, given the impact to system dynamics or data, the performance of the control loop can be directly ascertained and show approach to instability and operational impact. The next generation of systems will need to consider the broader picture to ensure a path forward where failures do not lead to ever greater catastrophic events. On the abscissa of Fig. The very nature of control systems implies a starting point for the development of resilience metrics. Originally intended to provide a more efficient mechanism for controlling industrial operations, the development of Considering the paradigm of control systems, one definition has been suggested that "Resilient control systems are those that tolerate fluctuations via their structure, design parameters, The use of the term “recovery” has been used in the context of The benign human has an ability to quickly understand novel solutions, and provide the ability to adapt to unexpected conditions. However, if the metric were instead based upon a normalizing dynamic attribute, such a performance characteristic that can be impacted b…

Pajic, N. Bezzo, J. Weimer, R. Alur, R. Mangharam, N. Michael, G. J. Pappas, O. Sokolsky, P. Tabuada, T.R. E. Garcia, W. Lin and S. M. Meerkov, "A Resilience Assessment Monitoring System," in Proc.

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